🔧 Appendix B: Heat pump concepts for house construction in 2026

Status report & theoretical application for new buildings and renovations

🧊 1. Fundamentals: What has changed by 2026?

• Political pressure (2030 climate targets → heating transition)

• Funding programs digitized + automated

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• Energy prices volatile → Self-sufficient systems have an advantage

• PV surplus logic dominates: exploiting power peaks

• Hybrid heating systems prohibited except in the case of existing systems

⚙️ 2. Heat pump types 2026 (according to Source)

🏗️ 3. Technical variants

A) Split unit

• Outdoor unit draws in air

• Indoor unit converts energy

• Advantage: Flexible, quieter inside

B) Monoblock

• Completely mounted outside

• Only Water pipes into the house

• Advantage: Quick to install

C) Central combination modules (more common from 2026)

• Heat pump + hot water tank + control + buffer in one device (compact block)

• Ideal for passive houses

☀️ 4. PV coupling (standard 2026)

• Goal: Use daytime electricity (surplus PV) for "Heat Buffering"

• Buffer Strategies:

  • Heating hot water "in advance" (e.g., 60-70°C at midday)

  • Thermal battery storage instead of electricity storage

  • Combination with Smart Home Control → PV availability controls heating load

📈 5. System performance and seasonal performance factor (SPF)

The higher the seasonal efficiency, the more efficient: 1kWh of electricity = 5kWh of heat.

💡 6. Special Innovations 2026

• PCM buffer (Phase Change Material): More compact, no traditional water tanks required

• Vertical microprobes for geothermal energy in low-temperature environments Area (mini-deep borehole 10-20m)

• Refrigerant circuits with CO₂: environmentally friendly & High-pressure capable

• 2-circuit systems: Heating and cooling function with switchover

• Passive solar air modules + heat pump: Preheating through roof air

🏠 7. Construction and Integration Examples 2026

📍 Example 1: New Terraced House

• Air-water monoblock

• PV roof 5kWp

• Hot water storage tank 300l

• Buffer logic: Heating before sunset

• Underfloor heating: Low temperature, ideal for heat pumps

📍 Example 2: Efficiency House 40 Plus

• Combination unit: Heat pump + PV + storage in one block

• Smart home control via energy management center

• Building air flow with PCM air storage

📍 Example 3: Mechanical maintenance stationation (outside the norm 😄)

• Roof: Black heat barrel + PV + stainless steel pipe convection

• Heat pump in the basement

• Storage unit embedded in the mechanical shoulder via a PCM module

🧾 8. Cost overview 2026 (estimated)

€8,000 - €14,000

📘 Conclusion

Heat pumps will no longer be optional in 2026, but standard.
They form the backbone of energy-efficient buildings – Controlled by PV, buffered by PCM, integrated into smart home systems.

Those who think beyond this (e.g., mech-based construction, mobile platforms) can achieve completely new energy self-sufficiency through the creative implementation of classic technologies.